Biosafety laboratory design, planning and construction

Biosafety laboratory design, planning and construction

Biosafety laboratory can avoid or control the harmful hazards of operation through protective barriers and management measures, and meet biosafety requirements. With the increasingly strict quality control requirements, the demand for constant temperature and humidity environment is becoming more and more Large, biosafety laboratory applications for...

Text label: biosafety laboratory, design planning and construction

Design, Planning and Construction of Biosafety

Biosafety laboratory can avoid or control the harmful hazards of operation through protective barriers and management measures, and meet biosafety requirements. With the increasingly strict quality control requirements, the demand for constant temperature and humidity environment is becoming more and more The application fields of biosafety laboratories are becoming wider and wider. Generally, schools will have biological laboratories, and blood testing laboratories in hospitals are also biosafety laboratories. Basic laboratory, first-level biosafety level, this type of laboratory has been determined not to cause immediate disease to adults or to cause little danger to laboratory personnel and other laboratory personnel. This type of pharma machinery can handle a wide range of common Pathogens; in general, contaminated materials can be stored in clearly marked open waste containers, and post-experiment wash-up procedures are similar to microbiological precautions, such as washing hands with antibacterial soap, and disinfecting exposed surfaces in the laboratory etc., all materials used in the laboratory in cell or bacterial experiments must be sterilized by autoclaving. In the secondary biosafety laboratory, laboratory personnel or personnel handling pathogens need to undergo specific and advanced training; the laboratory restricts the access of specific personnel; when it may cause infectious aerosols or sprays, it must be carried out in a secondary biosafety cabinet; Take extreme precautions against contaminants, adopt biological safety cabinets or install other physical control equipment.

Biosafety laboratories generally implement two-level isolation. The first-level isolation is achieved through biological safety cabinets, negative pressure isolators, positive pressure protective clothing, gloves, and goggles. The second-level isolation is implemented through laboratory buildings, air-conditioning purification and electrical Control system to achieve, two-level - four biosafety laboratories should implement two-level isolation. The first-level isolation is the isolation between the operator and the operated object, also known as the first-level barrier, which mainly includes biological safety cabinets at all levels, animal isolation equipment and personal protective equipment; personal protective equipment includes glasses, masks, hats, protective clothing , masks, gloves, shoe covers, etc.; biosafety cabinets protect staff and the environment without protecting samples, the airflow principle is the same as a laboratory fume hood, the difference is that the exhaust port is equipped with a HEPA filter, all types of biosafety The cabinets all use HEPA filters on the exhaust and air intakes. Biological safety cabinets are divided into three categories: first-class, second-class and third-class to meet different biological research and epidemic prevention requirements; first-class biological safety cabinets have no fan, and rely on the fan in the external ventilation duct to drive air flow, because it can protect the work. Personnel and the environment but not to protect the sample, it has been rarely used at present. The second-level biological safety cabinet is the most widely used cabinet type at present. Like the first-level biological safety cabinet, the second-level biological safety cabinet also has airflow flowing into the front window opening, which is called air intake flow, which is used to prevent the possible generation of air during microbial operations. Aerosols escape from the front window, and unlike Class I biological safety cabinets, the unfiltered air intake is captured by the air intake grille before reaching the work area, so the test article is not contaminated by outside air. The third-level biological safety cabinet is designed for the fourth-level laboratory biosafety level. It is a safety cabinet with a high safety protection level. The cabinet is completely airtight and 100% fully exhausted. All gases do not participate in the circulation. The operation is performed with gloves in the cabinet, and the test samples are passed in and out of the safety cabinet through a double-door transfer box to ensure no contamination, which is suitable for high-risk biological experiments. Zhongjing Global Purification can provide consulting, planning, design, construction, installation, transformation and other supporting services for biosafety laboratories and microbiology laboratories.

The door of the first-level biosafety laboratory should have visible windows and can be locked. The door lock and the opening direction of the door should not hinder the escape of indoor personnel; at the exit near the laboratory, there should be a sink; walls and ceilings And the ground should be easy to clean, impervious to water and corroded by disinfectants, the ground should be flat, non-slip, and should not be carpeted; a clothes storage or clothes hanging device should be installed at the entrance of the pharma machinery, and personal clothing and laboratory work clothes should be placed separately. ;The cabinets and seats should be stable, and the corners should be smooth; the cabinets and their placement should be easy to clean, and the experimental table should be waterproof, corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant and sturdy; the laboratory equipment should be reasonably placed according to the nature and process of work , cabinets, items, etc., to avoid mutual interference and cross-contamination, and should not hinder escape and first aid; the laboratory can use natural ventilation, if mechanical ventilation is used, cross-contamination should be avoided, if there are windows that can be opened, they should be installed to prevent Mosquito screens; if operating with irritating or corrosive substances, eyewash devices should be installed within 30m, and emergency spray devices should be installed if necessary; emergency lighting devices should be installed; there should be sufficient power supply; Avoid using a common power socket for multiple devices, have a reliable grounding system, and install leakage protection devices or monitoring and alarm devices at key nodes; the water supply and drainage pipeline systems should not leak, and the water should be designed to prevent backflow; equipped with appropriate emergency Equipment, such as fire fighting equipment, first aid equipment, etc.; should be equipped with appropriate communication equipment; if necessary, equipped with appropriate disinfection and sterilization equipment.

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